In screenwriting, there are different features that you will see. These include; a 'fade in' at the beginning of every script, Slug lines that appear in three parts, one being the letters: Ext or Int at the beginning which tells you whether the first scene will be recorded outside or inside. The next being the location of the scene (where it will be filmed) and the last being the time of day e.g. Day or Night. These are always in capitals. There are coverage's, which are the number of different angles a scene is shot from. A sequence, is when, for example, an actor walks out a door into a different room or area, this is the same sequence but a different scene.
The Gaffer and the lighting directors need to look at the beginnings of each scenes so that they know whether they are filming indoors or outdoors and what lights to use.
The film will always be filmed out of sequence. This means all the scenes that will be shot in the same location would be filmed together so you don't have to keep changing location and return to ones you have already been too.
In the script, New characters and props are always mentioned in capital letters. This is so when the first assistant director reads it, they know when the characters or props are first introduced. After writing the characters name, their approximate age always comes next in brackets e.g. (25). Once the characters are named, they will always be referred to as that person, they won't be called by their real names. Sound Effects always appear in inverted commas. When a character speaks, their lines always appear in the middle of the page so that the actors and director know the difference between the speech or the description/actions.
Locations on the script have to always be spelt and written in the exact same way. An intercut is cutting between two locations.
Thursday, 24 September 2015
Tuesday, 22 September 2015
editing
When editing, You download a video onto (d;drive) as a MP4. Then open Adobes Prelude. You then click on the Injest button and select your video file. The video comes up on the left, double click it and it appears in the middle. There are clips/ slides at the bottom. You go through the video and click on a part that you want to use as a clip, then you press the number 1. Find the end of what you want to use then click the 'O', this makes a sub clip. Make sure to justify to tell the programme you definitely want that video. then you would save the video. when you have done this, all your clips will appear on the left hand side just like at the beginning. you then click on the ... button at the top and click transfer to premiere. Premiere will open and all your clips should appear in here. Including the full video and your sub clips.
Basic Editing techniques.
When editing a video, you load up prelude first as said above. You then go to edit and go to move to premiere pro. Once in premiere pro you double click on the clip you want to edit first. This will come up at the top. When you are working on the clip, there will be a yellow line around the box you are working in. When editing you use different letters on the keyboard to do different things. For example, the 'k' key stops the video from playing, the 'j' key plays the video backwards, and the 'l' key plays the video forwards. If you double click on the 'j' or the 'l' keys your video will play twice as fast. The space key plays and pauses the video whenever you want it to. If you want to play the video but move a single frame at a time then you use the arrow keys. Once you have decided which parts of the video you would like to include, you use the 'i' and 'o' keys. The 'i' stands for in and the 'o' stands for out. This then means you will have a clip. If you are happy with this, you then create a timeline. To do this you click on the clip in the bottom left box that you have worked on and then drag it to the new item button which is at the bottom of that box next to the bin icon. This will create a timeline with your edited clip in the right bottom box. After doing this and once you have chosen what you want your next clip to be, you press the full stop, which will put your edited clips next to each other without any gaps. If your clips don't work and you need to add something in between the two, then you use the comma button to insert the new edited clip between the two already made ones. Your edited video will play in the top right box. When you have your edited clips, if you need to move one or select one you press the 'v' button which will take you to the curser so you can select the clips you want to. If you need to cut a part of your clip, you need to press the 'c' button which will take you to the razor, you can then cut the clip.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2SCz2MQYhZY&list=PL38648D595F475331
Creative cow has tutorial videos on youtube showing how to edit using premiere pro.
CODEC- A program that compresses data to enable faster transmissions and decompresses received data.
H.264- a variety of mpeg4. Advanced video coding is a video coding format that is currently one of the most commonly used formats for the recording compression, and distribution of video content.
BITRATE- Central control. the number of bits per second that can be transmitted along a digital network. 1MEGABYTE= 8MEGABITS. The higher the bitrate the higher the image quality and the more you can transmit. more band width needed to stream it.
Workflow- knowing what you're going to do and what things to use in order to get what you want/need. Ingesting~ organising media~ editorial development~ finishing~ mastering~ output and delivery. Between editorial development and finishing is client review.
LOSSY- Degrades image. File sizes can be big.
LOSSLESS- doesn't degrade image. Raw or uncompressed video.
PRORES- A lossy video compression format developed by apple inc. for use in post production that supports up to 5k. It is the successor of the apple intermediate codec and was introduced in 2007 with final cut studio 2. Get a really high resolution image but can still run it through computer because its not too big of a file. good reasonable speed also.
Destructive: cutting up a strip so you dont have one full strip anymore you have a nu,ber of clips.
Linear: you stick them back together in a line.
moviola steenbeck
kinescope ghosting banding 'hot kinescope'
EDL edit decision list
cmx 600 1971optical disks avid/1
sub sampling- colours: 4:4:4, 4:2:2, 4:2:0, 4:1:1
Analogue vs digital- when copying an analogue to digital you have no loss.
DVD, DV, Digi Beta
Codek- encoding and decoding- Encoding open and the decoding closed. (smart encoding) (dumb decoding). Means it can be played on anything because the decoding was always the same.
Production stages
In the Pre Production work, there are 4 stages. These consist of; Development, Pre Production, Production and Post Production.
In the development stage, the people you are most likely to see would be, the producer, The screen writers and the script editors. The development stage is all about the creation of a film. The script would be read through and improved or corrected if anything was wrong with it, For example if it doesn't make sense then it would need to be changed. The script editors would do this. Once the script is locked, it cannot be changed again.
In the Pre Production stage, The people you are most likely to see are; The producer, director, Investors, Line producers, Lighting designers, Location managers and Directors of photography. In this stage, The director would visualize what he wanted to see and what would happen. They would speak to the investors. The investors aim for, if it was all going to cost £1 million pounds, then they would want to get £3 million pounds out of it. They would think about what props etc will need to be bought or borrowed. The line producers would also look at how much it will all cost, for example the people they will need to pay etc. The location managers look at where would be the best location to shot certain scenes of the film. The directors of photography decide what lens and cameras would be best to use.
A Data wrangler would be found between the Pre production stage and the Production stage. The production stage is when the film would start to be filmed. Actors and backstage helpers would begin to appear. Colour corrector would be used here.
In the development stage, the people you are most likely to see would be, the producer, The screen writers and the script editors. The development stage is all about the creation of a film. The script would be read through and improved or corrected if anything was wrong with it, For example if it doesn't make sense then it would need to be changed. The script editors would do this. Once the script is locked, it cannot be changed again.
In the Pre Production stage, The people you are most likely to see are; The producer, director, Investors, Line producers, Lighting designers, Location managers and Directors of photography. In this stage, The director would visualize what he wanted to see and what would happen. They would speak to the investors. The investors aim for, if it was all going to cost £1 million pounds, then they would want to get £3 million pounds out of it. They would think about what props etc will need to be bought or borrowed. The line producers would also look at how much it will all cost, for example the people they will need to pay etc. The location managers look at where would be the best location to shot certain scenes of the film. The directors of photography decide what lens and cameras would be best to use.
A Data wrangler would be found between the Pre production stage and the Production stage. The production stage is when the film would start to be filmed. Actors and backstage helpers would begin to appear. Colour corrector would be used here.
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